What it is
A stage of impaired glucose homeostasis that includes impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. People in this stage are at high risk of developing diabetes, since their glucose levels are slightly elevated but not enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. Unlike diabetes, pre-diabetes and insulin resistance are reversible conditions, in which diet and lifestyle play a decisive role.
Symptoms
There are usually no obvious symptoms, although fatigue, increased appetite and difficulty managing weight may be observed.
Nutritional management
- Reducing simple sugars and processed foods
- Choosing foods with a low glycaemic index
- Distributing carbohydrates across small, balanced meals
- Small, frequent meals
When to consult a dietitian-nutritionist
Early intervention can prevent progression of the condition. Consult a dietitian when:
- You have been diagnosed with pre-diabetes or insulin resistance
- Your blood tests show elevated glucose or insulin
- You find it difficult to manage your body weight
- You experience strong cravings or fluctuations in energy through the day
- You are unsure which foods to choose in your everyday life
- You would like a personalised nutrition plan aimed at preventing the onset of diabetes