What it is
An autoimmune condition characterised by high blood glucose concentrations, due to destruction of the pancreatic beta cells, which leads to an absolute insulin deficiency. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose from food move from the bloodstream into the cells, where it is used as energy.
Symptoms
- Hyperglycaemia
- Polyuria and polydipsia
- Dehydration
- Electrolyte imbalances
- Fatigue and weakness
- Unintentional weight loss
Nutritional management
- Distribution of carbohydrates across small, balanced meals
- Choosing foods with a low glycaemic index
- Regular blood-glucose monitoring in collaboration with the doctor
- Adjusting meals to insulin doses
When to consult a dietitian-nutritionist
- You have recently been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
- You are starting or modifying your insulin therapy
- You find it difficult to count carbohydrates correctly in your meals
- You experience frequent hypoglycaemic or hyperglycaemic episodes
- You want greater flexibility in your diet without compromising glycaemic control
- You would like a personalised plan tailored to your lifestyle